<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE metadata SYSTEM "http://thor-f5.er.usgs.gov/ngtoc/metadata/fgdc-std-001-1998.dtd">
<metadata>
   <idinfo>
      <citation>
         <citeinfo>
            <origin>Hope Morgan, NC Emergency Management, GIS Manager - GTM</origin>
            <pubdate>20180801</pubdate>
            <title>2017 Digital Elevation Model at a 10 foot Resoltuion for Phase Five Counties in North Carolina</title>
            <geoform>raster digital data</geoform>
         </citeinfo>
      </citation>
      <descript>
         <abstract>The Digital Elevation Models (DEM)were generated at a 10 foot resolution as rasters, using the ground (Class 2) points and the hydro flattened breaklines as inputs from the project. The DEMs were produced specific to the 2017 Phase Five project area consisting of 21 North Carolina counties. LiDAR data for the project and the validation site was collected by a single aerial vendor on ESP team between February 10, 2017 and April 10, 2017 using Geiger-mode Avalanche Photodiode (GmAPD) sensors. The aerial vendor on the ESP team was Harris Corporation (Harris).Three GmAPD (Geiger-mode) sensors (serial numbers 001,002 and 003) were used for the data collection of LiDAR data at a 0.35 meter nominal post spacing (NPS). he following counties were collected in the February through April, 2017 collection: Ashe, Avery, Buncombe, Burke, Caldwell, Cherokee, Clay, Graham, Haywood, Henderson, Jackson, Macon, Madison, McDowell, Mitchell, Polk, Rutherford, Swain, Transylvania, Watauga and Yancey. All data was collected during leaf-off conditions. Ground survey support for the project included the establishment of GPS base stations and the collection of control points used for calibration. All data was delivered in the North Carolina State Plane Coordinate System, with a horizontal datum of NAD83 (2011), vertical datum of NAVD88 (Geoid 12B), in US Survey Feet. Data was delivered tiled to a 2,500 foot by 2,500 foot tiling scheme unless otherwise specified in this product description. All LiDAR was delivered in LASer (LAS) version 1.4 standard format. Products for this project derived from the source LiDAR included: intensity images in GeoTIFF format, hydro-flattening breaklines in ESRI File Geodatabase format, Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) in TIF format, ESRI Terrain Datasets (by county) in ESRI File Geodatabase format, product and project-level metadata, and project reports to include the Report of Survey, Post-Acquisition Report, and Project Report. All LiDAR and derivative products for this project met the specifications stipulated in Delivery Order 35, the NC LiDAR Standard, and the USGS minimum standards for QL1 LiDAR data. This project was a joint effort between NC Emergency Management, NC Geodetic Survey, and the NCDOT. The following people served as the main representatives for each stakeholder: NC Emergency Management- Hope Morgan (primary contact) and John Dorman; NC Geodetic Survey- Gary Thompson and Watson Ross; NCDOT- Keith Johnston and Marc Swartz, and the United States Geological Survey (USGS).</abstract>
         <purpose>The purpose of this project was to update existing LiDAR data, originally collected between 2000 and 2005, with more accurate and clearly defined LiDAR data utilizing the latest in sensor technology. Although created for the North Carolina Floodplain Mapping Program for specific use in the engineering aspects of floodplain delineation, the data were also developed to address the elevation data requirements of the broader geospatial community. The North Carolina Floodplain Mapping Program was established in response to the extensive damage caused by Hurrican Floyd in 1999.</purpose>
         <supplinf>NCEM GTM Contract No. 286-000030 ESP CONTRACTOR: ESP Associates. All DEM processing was completed by the prime contractor.Raster File Type = IMG Bit Depth/Pixel Type = 32-bit float Raster Cell Size = 10 foot Interpolation or Resampling Technique = Triangulated Irregular Network Required Vertical Accuracy = 18.13 cm NVA</supplinf>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <rngdates>
          <begdate>20170210</begdate>
          <enddate>20170410</enddate>
        </rngdates>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>ground condition</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>None planned</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-84.261637</westbc>
        <eastbc>-81.121100</eastbc>
        <northbc>36.314697</northbc>
        <southbc>35.244710</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>None</themekt>
        <themekey>Intensity Images</themekey>
        <themekey>Raster</themekey>
        <themekey>Remote Sensing</themekey>
        <themekey>Lidar</themekey>
         <themekey>Geiger</themekey>
          <themekey>Elevation Data</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>None</placekt>
        	<placekey>North Carolina</placekey>
        	<placekey>Ashe County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Avery County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Buncombe County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Burke County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Caldwell County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Cherokee County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Clay County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Graham County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Haywood County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Henderson County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Jackson County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Macon County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Madison County</placekey>
        	<placekey>McDowell County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Mitchell County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Polk County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Rutherford County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Swain County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Transylvania County</placekey>
        	<placekey>Watauga County</placekey>
                <placekey>Yancey County</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
      <accconst>No restrictions apply to these data.</accconst>
      <useconst>None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. Acknowledgement of the North Carolina Emergency Management and the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated for products derived from these data.</useconst>
      <ptcontac>
         <cntinfo>
            <cntorgp>
               <cntorg>ESP Associates</cntorg>
               <cntper>Harold Rempel</cntper>
            </cntorgp>
            <cntpos>Project Manager</cntpos>
            <cntaddr>
               <addrtype>mailing</addrtype>
               <address>P.O. Box 7030</address>
               <city>Charlotte</city>
               <state>NC</state>
               <postal>28241</postal>
            </cntaddr>
            <cntvoice>803-835-0851</cntvoice>
            <cntemail>hrempel@espassociates.com</cntemail>
         </cntinfo>
      </ptcontac>
      <ptcontac>
         <cntinfo>
            <cntorgp>
               <cntorg>ESP Associates</cntorg>
               <cntper>Daniel Hill</cntper>
            </cntorgp>
            <cntpos>NC PLS: L-4137</cntpos>
            <cntaddr>
               <addrtype>mailing</addrtype>
               <address>P.O. Box 7030</address>
               <city>Charlotte</city>
               <state>NC</state>
               <postal>28241</postal>
            </cntaddr>
            <cntvoice>803-835-0875</cntvoice>
            <cntemail>dhill@espassociates.com</cntemail>
         </cntinfo>
      </ptcontac>
      <datacred>The ESP Team, consisting of ESP Associates, Greenman-Pederson Inc.,Surdex Corporation, and Harris Corporation, performed all data collection, ground support, and data processing for this project.</datacred>
      <native>MicroStation Connect Version 10.11; TerraScan Version 19.003; ESRI ArcGIS 10.4.1, Windows 7 Operating System, ESP Analyst, ESP Utilities</native>
   </idinfo>
   <dataqual>
      <logic>All data covers the project area, tile to tile with no gaps or no data areas</logic>
      <complete>The DEM dataset contains a complete coverage of project tiles. A visual qualitative assessment was performed to ensure data completeness. No void areas or missing data exist.</complete>
      <posacc>
         <vertacc>
            <vertaccr>The project specifications required that Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA)and Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (VVA) be computed for the classified lidar point cloud files. The required accuracy (ACCz) was: 18.13 cm for NVA at a 95% confidence level,and 30 cm for VVA at the 95th percentile, derived according to NSSDA, i.e., based on RMSE (z) of 9.25 cm in the bare earth and "urban" land cover classes for NVA. The NVA was tested with 1464 checkpoints located in bare earth and urban (non-vegetated) areas and the VVA was tested with 1735 checkpoints in various vegetation types. These checkpoints were not used in the calibration or post processing of the lidar point cloud data. The checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and were surveyed using GPS techniques. See survey report for additional survey methodologies. Elevations from the unclassified lidar surface were measured for the x,y location of each check point. Elevations interpolated from the lidar surface were then compared to the elevation values of the surveyed control points. AccuracyZ has been tested to meet 18.13 cm or better Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy at 95% confidence level using RMSE(z) x 1.9600 and to meet 30 cm or better Vegetated Vertical Accuracy computed at the the 95th percentile as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASRPS Guidelines.</vertaccr>
            <qvertpa>     
               <vertaccv>0.157</vertaccv>
               <vertacce>Tested 0.157 meters NVA at a 95% confidence level using RMSE(z) x 1.9600 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA)LiDAR full return mass points were compared with surveyed elevations provided by independent contractors to the North Carolina Geodetic Survey. The NVA of the DEM files were calculated against TINs derived from the final calibrated and controlled data using 1464 independent checkpoints located in Bare Earth and Urban land cover classes (NVA).</vertacce>
            </qvertpa>
            <qvertpa>
               <vertaccv>0.228</vertaccv>
               <vertacce>Tested 0.228 meters, VVA was calculated using 1735 checkpoints located in the Brushlands and Low Trees and Tall Weeds and Crops land cover categories at the 95th percentile, derived according to ASPRS Guidelines, Vertical Accuracy Reporting for Lidar Data.LiDAR-derived DEM files were compared with surveyed elevations provided by independent contractors to the North Carolina Geodetic Survey. The VVA of the DEM files were calculated against TINs derived from the final calibrated and controlled data using the independent checkpoints (VVA).</vertacce>
            </qvertpa>
         </vertacc>
      </posacc>
      <lineage>
         <procstep>
            <procdesc>Hydro Flattened Raster DEMs were generated using the Class 2 (ground) lidar points in conjunction with the hydro breaklines to create a 3.125 foot hydro-flattened Raster DEM. Using automated batch routines in ESP Utilities, an TIF file was created for each tile of the project. DEM surface was reviewed using ESP Analyst to check for any surface anomalies or incorrect elevations found within the surface</procdesc>
            <procdate>2018</procdate>
         </procstep>
      </lineage>
   </dataqual>
   <spdoinfo>
      <direct>Raster</direct>
      <rastinfo>
         <rasttype>Pixel</rasttype>
         <rowcount>800</rowcount>
         <colcount>800</colcount>
      </rastinfo>
   </spdoinfo>
   <spref>
      <horizsys>
         <planar>
            <gridsys>
               <gridsysn>State Plane Coordinate System 1983</gridsysn>
               <spcs>
                  <spcszone>3200</spcszone>
                  <lambertc>
                     <stdparll>34.33333333</stdparll>
                     <stdparll>36.16666667</stdparll>
                     <longcm>36.16666667</longcm>
                     <latprjo>33.75000000</latprjo>
                     <feast>2000000.00261667</feast>
                     <fnorth>0.0</fnorth>
                  </lambertc>
               </spcs>
            </gridsys>
            <planci>
               <plance>coordinate pair</plance>
               <coordrep>
                  <absres>3.125</absres>
                  <ordres>3.125</ordres>
               </coordrep>
               <plandu>feet</plandu>
            </planci>
         </planar>
         <geodetic>
            <horizdn>North American Datum of 1983  (2011)</horizdn>
            <ellips>Geodetic Reference System 80</ellips>
            <semiaxis>6378137</semiaxis>
            <denflat>298.257222101</denflat>
         </geodetic>
      </horizsys>
      <vertdef>
         <altsys>
            <altdatum>North American Vertical Datum of 1988 GEOID12B</altdatum>
            <altres>0.01</altres>
            <altunits>feet</altunits>
            <altenc>Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates</altenc>
         </altsys>
      </vertdef>
   </spref>
   <metainfo>
      <metd>20180801</metd>
      <metc>
         <cntinfo>
            <cntorgp>
               <cntorg>NC Emergency Management</cntorg>
            </cntorgp>
            <cntaddr>
               <addrtype>mailing</addrtype>
               <address>NCNG Campus- Bowers Building, 4105 Reedy Creek Road</address>
               <city>Raleigh</city>
               <state>NC</state>
               <postal>27607</postal>
               <country>USA</country>
            </cntaddr>
            <cntvoice>919-825-2336</cntvoice>
            <cntfax>919-715-0408</cntfax>
            <cntemail>Hope.Morgan@ncdps.gov</cntemail>
         </cntinfo>
      </metc>
      <metstdn>FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
      <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
   </metainfo>
</metadata>
